The original RKO Pictures ceased production in 1957 and was effectively dissolved two years later. After years of disarray and decline under his control, the studio was acquired by the General Tire and Rubber Company in 1955. Maverick industrialist Howard Hughes took over RKO in 1948. Though it often couldn't compete financially for top star and director contracts, RKO's below-the-line personnel were among the finest, including composer Max Steiner, cinematographer Nicholas Musuraca, and designer Van Nest Polglase. RKO was also responsible for notable coproductions such as It's a Wonderful Life and Notorious, and it distributed many celebrated films by animation pioneer Walt Disney and leading independent producer Samuel Goldwyn. The studio produced two of the most famous films in motion picture history: King Kong and Citizen Kane. The work of producer Val Lewton's low-budget horror unit and RKO's many ventures into the field now known as film noir have been acclaimed, largely after the fact, by film critics and historians. Cary Grant was a mainstay for years, with credits including touchstones of the screwball comedy genre with which RKO was identified. Actors Katharine Hepburn and, later, Robert Mitchum had their first major successes at the studio. RKO has long been renowned for its cycle of musicals starring Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers in the mid- to late 1930s. By the mid-1940s, RKO was controlled by investor Floyd Odlum. Two years later, another Kennedy concern, the Pathé studio, was folded into the operation. RCA executive David Sarnoff engineered the merger to create a market for the company's sound-on-film technology, RCA Photophone, and in early 1929 production began under the RKO name (an abbreviation of Radio-Keith-Orpheum). Kennedy's Film Booking Offices of America studio were brought together under the control of the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) in October 1928. The business was formed after the Keith-Albee-Orpheum theater chain and Joseph P. RKO Radio Pictures Inc., commonly known as RKO Pictures or simply RKO, was an American film production and distribution company, one of the "Big Five" film studios of Hollywood's Golden Age.
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